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Ransomware
Inside the SOC
I primi segnali del ransomware: Una partita lampo
The deployment of ransomware is the endgame of a cyber-attack. A threat actor must have accomplished several previous steps – including lateral movement and privilege escalation – to reach this final position. The ability to detect and counter the early moves is therefore just as important as detecting the encryption itself.
Attackers are using diverse strategies – such as ‘Living off the Land’ and carefully crafting their command and control (C2) – to blend in with normal network traffic and evade traditional security defenses. The analysis below examines the Tactics, Techniques and Procedures (TTPs) used by many ransomware actors by unpacking a compromise which occurred at a defense contractor in Canada.
Phases of a ransomware attack
Figure 1: Timeline of the attack.
The opening: Initial access to privileged account
The first indicator of compromise was a login on a server with an unusual credential, followed by unusual admin activity. The attacker may have gained access to the username and password in a number of ways, from credential stuffing to buying them on the Dark Web. As the attacker had privileged access from the get-go, there was no need for privilege escalation.
Lateral movement
Two days later, the attacker began to spread from the initial server. The compromised server began to send out unusual Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) commands.
It began remotely controlling four other devices – authenticating on them with a single admin credential. One of the destinations was a domain controller (DC), another was a backup server.
By using WMI – a common admin tool – for lateral movement, the attacker opted to ‘live off the land’ rather than introduce a new lateral movement tool, aiming to remain unnoticed by the company’s security stack. The unusual use of WMI was picked up by Darktrace and the timings of the unusual WMI connections were pieced together by Cyber AI Analyst.
Models:
- New or Uncommon WMI Activity
- AI Analyst / Extensive Chain of Administrative Connections
Establish C2
The four devices then connected to the IP 185.250.151[.]172. Three of them, including the DC and backup server, established SSL beacons to the IP using the dynamic DNS domain goog1e.ezua[.]com.
The C2 endpoints had very little open-source intelligence (OSINT) available, but it seems that a Cobalt Strike-style script had used the endpoint in the past. This suggests complex tooling, as the attacker used dynamic SSL and spoofed Google to mask their beaconing.
Interestingly, through the entirety of the attack, only these three devices used SSL connections for beaconing, while later C2 occurred over unencrypted protocols. It appears these three critical devices were treated differently to the other infected devices on the network.
Models:
- Immediate breach of Anomalous External Activity from Critical Network Device, then several model breaches involving beaconing and SSL to dynamic DNS. (Domain Controller DynDNS SSL or HTTP was particularly specific to this activity.)
The middle game: Internal reconnaissance and further lateral movement
The attack chain took the form of two cycles of lateral movement, followed by establishing C2 at the newly controlled destinations.
Figure 2: Observed chain of lateral movement and C2.
So, after establishing C2, the DC made WMI requests to 20 further IPs over an extended period. It also scanned 234 IPs via ICMP pings, presumably in an attempt to find more hosts.
Many of these were eventually found with ransom notes, in particular when the targeted devices were hypervisors. The ransomware was likely deployed with remote commands via WMI.
Models:
- AI Analyst / Suspicious Chain of Administrative Connections (from the initial server to the DC to the hypervisor)
- AI Analyst / Extensive Suspicious WMI Activity (from the DC)
- Device / ICMP Address Scan, Scanning of Multiple Devices AI Analyst incident (from the DC)
Further C2
As the second stage of lateral movement stopped, a second stage of unencrypted C2 was seen from five new devices. Each started with GET requests to the IP seen in the SSL C2 (185.250.151[.]172), which used the spoofed hostname google[.]com.
Activity started on each device with HTTP requests for a URI ending in .png, before a more consistent beaconing to the URI /books/. Eventually, the devices made POST requests to the URI /ebooks/?k= (a unique identifier for each device). All this appears to be a way of concealing a C2 beacon in what looks like plausible traffic to Google.
In this way, by encrypting some C2 connections with SSL to a Dynamic DNS domain, while crafting other unencrypted HTTP to look like traffic to google[.]com, the attacker managed to operate undetected by the company’s antivirus tools.
Darktrace identified this anomalous activity and generated a large number of external connectivity model breaches.
Models:
- Eight breaches of Compromise / HTTP Beaconing to New Endpoint from the affected devices
Accomplish mission: Checkmate
Finally, the attacker deployed ransomware. In the ransom note, they stated that sensitive information had been exfiltrated and would be leaked if the company did not pay.
However, this was a lie. Darktrace confirmed that no data had been exfiltrated, as the C2 communications had sent far too little data. Lying about data exfiltration in order to extort a ransom is a common tactic for attackers, and visibility is crucial to determine whether a threat actor is bluffing.
In addition, Antigena – Darktrace’s Autonomous Response technology – blocked an internal download from one of the servers compromised in the first round of lateral movement, because it was an unusual incoming data volume for the client device. This was most likely the attacker attempting to transfer data in preparation for the end goal, so the block may have prevented this data from being moved for exfiltration.
Figure 3: Antigena model breach.
Figure 4: Device is blocked from SMB communication with the compromised server three seconds later.
Models:
- Unusual Incoming Data Volume
- High Volume Server Data Transfer
Unfortunately, Antigena was not active on the majority of the devices involved in the incident. If in active mode, Antigena would have stopped the early stages of this activity, including the unusual administrative logins and beaconing. The customer is now working to fully configure Antigena, so they benefit from 24/7 Autonomous Response.
Cyber AI Analyst investigates
Darktrace’s AI spotted and reported on beaconing from several devices including the DC, which was the highest scoring device for unusual behavior at the time of the activity. It condensed this information into three incidents – ‘Possible SSL Command and Control’, ‘Extensive Suspicious Remote WMI Activity’, and ‘Scanning of Remote Devices’.
Crucially, Cyber AI Analyst not only summarized the admin activity from the DC but also linked it back to the first device through an unusual chain of administrative connections.
Figure 5: Cyber AI Analyst incident showing a suspicious chain of administrative connections linking the first device in the chain of connections to a hypervisor where a ransom note was found via the compromised DC, saving valuable time in the investigation. It also highlights the credential common to all of the lateral movement connections.
Finding lateral movement chains manually is a laborious process well suited to AI. In this case, it enabled the security team to quickly trace back to the device which was the likely source of the attack and find the common credential in the connections.
Play the game like a machine
To get the full picture of a ransomware attack, it is important to look beyond the final encryption to previous phases of the kill chain. In the attack above, the encryption itself did not generate network traffic, so detecting the intrusion at its early stages was vital.
Despite the attacker ‘Living off the Land’ and using WMI with a compromised admin credential, as well as spoofing the common hostname google[.]com for C2 and applying dynamic DNS for SSL connections, Darktrace was able to identify all the stages of the attack and immediately piece them together into a meaningful security narrative. This would have been almost impossible for a human analyst to achieve without labor-intensive checking of the timings of individual connections.
With ransomware infections becoming faster and more frequent, with the threat of offensive AI looming closer and the Dark Web marketplace thriving, with security teams drowning under false positives and no time left on the clock, AI is now an essential part of any security solution. The board is set, the time is ticking, the stakes are higher than ever. Your move.
Thanks to Darktrace analyst Daniel Gentle for his insights on the above threat find.
IoCs:
IoCComment185.250.151[.]172IP address used for both HTTP and SSL C2goog1e.ezua[.]comDynamic DNS Hostname used for SSL C2
Darktrace model detections:
- AI Analyst models:
- Extensive Suspicious WMI Activity
- Suspicious Chain of Administrative Connections
- Scanning of Multiple Devices
- Possible SSL Command and Control
- Meta model:
- Device / Large Number of model breaches
- External connectivity models:
- Anonymous Server Activity / Domain Controller DynDNS SSL or HTTP
- Compromise / Suspicious TLS Beaconing to Rare External
- Compromise / Beaconing Activity To External Rare
- Compromise / SSL to DynDNS
- Anomalous Server Activity / External Activity from Critical Network Device
- Compromise / Sustained SSL or HTTP Increase
- Compromise / Suspicious Beaconing Behaviour
- Compromise / HTTP Beaconing to New Endpoint
- Internal activity models:
- Device / New or Uncommon WMI Activity
- User / New Admin Credentials on Client
- Device / ICMP Address Scan
- Anomalous Connection / Unusual Incoming Data Volume
- Unusual Activity / High Volume Server Data Transfer
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Nuvola
Darktrace Integrates Self-Learning AI with Amazon Security Lake to Support Security Investigations
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Darktrace has deepened its relationship with AWS by integrating its detection and response capabilities with Amazon Security Lake.
This development will allow mutual customers to seamlessly combine Darktrace AI’s bespoke understanding of their organization with the Threat Intelligence offered by other security tools, and investigate all of their alerts in one central location.
This integration will improve the value security teams get from both products, streamlining analyst workflows and improving their ability to detect and respond to the full spectrum of known and unknown cyber-threats.
How Darktrace and Amazon Security Lake augment security teams
Amazon Security Lake is a newly-released service that automatically centralizes an organization’s security data from cloud, on-premises, and custom sources into a customer owned purpose-built data lake. Both Darktrace and Amazon Security Lake support the Open Cybersecurity Schema Framework (OCSF), an open standard to simplify, combine, and analyze security logs.
Customers can store security logs, events, alerts, and other relevant data generated by various AWS services and security tools. By consolidating security data in a central lake, organizations can gain a holistic view of their security posture, perform advanced analytics, detect anomalies and open investigations to improve their security practices.
With Darktrace DETECT and RESPOND AI engines covering all assets across IT, OT, network, endpoint, IoT, email and cloud, organizations can augment the value of their security data lakes by feeding Darktrace’s rich and context-aware datapoints to Amazon Security Lake.
Amazon Security Lake empowers security teams to improve the protection of your digital estate:
- Quick and painless data normalization
- Fast-tracks ability to investigate, triage and respond to security events
- Broader visibility aids more effective decision-making
- Surfaces and prioritizes anomalies for further investigation
- Single interface for seamless data management
How will Darktrace customers benefit?
Across the Cyber AI Loop, all Darktrace solutions have been architected with AWS best practices in mind. With this integration, Darktrace is bringing together its understanding of ‘self’ for every organization with the centralized data visibility of the Amazon Security Lake. Darktrace’s unique approach to cyber security, powered by groundbreaking AI research, delivers a superior dataset based on a deep and interconnected understanding of the enterprise.
Where other cyber security solutions are trained to identify threats based on historical attack data and techniques, Darktrace DETECT gains a bespoke understanding of every digital environment, continuously analyzing users, assets, devices and the complex relationships between them. Our AI analyzes thousands of metrics to reveal subtle deviations that may signal an evolving issue – even unknown techniques and novel malware. It distinguishes between malicious and benign behavior, identifying harmful activity that typically goes unnoticed. This rich dataset is fed into RESPOND, which takes precise action to neutralize threats against any and every asset, no matter where data resides.
Both DETECT and RESPOND are supported by Darktrace Self-Learning AI, which provides full, real-time visibility into an organization’s systems and data. This always-on threat analysis already makes humans better at cyber security, improving decisions and outcomes based on total visibility of the digital ecosystem, supporting human performance with AI coverage and empowering security teams to proactively protect critical assets.
Converting Darktrace alerts to the Amazon Security Lake Open Cybersecurity Schema Framework (OCSF) supplies the Security Operations Center (SOC) and incident response team with contextualized data, empowering them to accelerate their investigation, triage and response to potential cyber threats.
Darktrace is available for purchase on the AWS Marketplace.
Learn more about how Darktrace provides full-coverage, AI-powered cloud security for AWS, or see how our customers use Darktrace in their AWS cloud environments.
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Inside the SOC
Tracking the Hive: Darktrace’s Detection of a Hive Ransomware-as-Service
The threat of ransomware continues to be a constant concern for security teams across the cyber threat landscape. With the growing popularity of Ransomware-as-a-Service (RaaS), it is becoming more and more accessible for even inexperienced of would-be attackers. As a result of this low barrier to entry, the volume of ransomware attacks is expected to increase significantly.
What’s more, RaaS is a highly tailorable market in which buyers can choose from varied kits and features to use in their ransomware deployments meaning attacks will rarely behave the same. To effectively detect and safeguard against these differentiations, it is crucial to implement security measures that put the emphasis on detecting anomalies and focusing on deviations in expected behavior, rather than relying on depreciated indicators of compromise (IoC) lists or playbooks that focus on attack chains unable to keep pace with the increasing speed of ransomware evolution.
In early 2022, Darktrace DETECT/Network™ identified several instances of Hive ransomware on the networks of multiple customers. Using its anomaly-based detection, Darktrace was able to successfully detect the attacks and multiple stages of the kill chain, including command and control (C2) activity, lateral movement, data exfiltration, and ultimately data encryption and the writing of ransom notes.
Hive Ransomware
Hive ransomware is a relatively new strain that was first observed in the wild in June 2021. It is known to target a variety of industries including healthcare, energy providers, and retailers, and has reportedly attacked over 1,500 organizations, collecting more than USD 100m in ransom payments [1].
Hive is distributed via a RaaS model where its developers update and maintain the code, in return for a percentage of the eventual ransom payment, while users (or affiliates) are given the tools to carry out attacks using a highly sophisticated and complex malware they would otherwise be unable to use. Hive uses typical tactics, techniques and procedures (TTPs) associated with ransomware, though they do vary depending on the Hive affiliate carrying out the attack.
In most cases a double extortion attack is carried out, whereby data is first exfiltrated and then encrypted before a ransom demand is made. This gives attackers extra leverage as victims are at risk of having their sensitive data leaked to the public on websites such as the ‘HiveLeaks’ TOR website.
Attack Timeline
Owing to the highly customizable nature of RaaS, the tactics and methods employed by Hive actors are expected to differ on a case-by-case basis. Nonetheless in the majority of Hive ransomware incidents identified on Darktrace customer environments, Darktrace DETECT observed the following general attack stages and features. This is possibly indicative of the attacks originating from the same threat actor(s) or from a widely sold batch with a particular configuration to a variety of actors.
Initial Access
Although Hive actors are known to gain initial access to networks through multiple different vectors, the two primary methods reported by security researchers are the exploitation of Microsoft Exchange vulnerabilities, or the distribution of phishing emails with malicious attachments [2][3].
In the early stages of one Hive ransomware attack observed on the network of a Darktrace customer, for example, Darktrace detected a device connecting to the rare external location 23.81.246[.]84, with a PowerShell user agent via HTTP. During this connection, the device attempted to download an executable file named “file.exe”. It is possible that the file was initially accessed and delivered via a phishing email; however, as Darktrace/Email was not enabled at the time of the attack, this was outside of Darktrace’s purview. Fortunately, the connection failed the proxy authentication was thus blocked as seen in the packet capture (PCAP) in Figure 2.
Shortly after this attempted download, the same device started to receive a high volume of incoming SSL connections from a rare external endpoint, namely 146.70.87[.]132. Darktrace logged that this endpoint was using an SSL certificate signed by Go Daddy CA, an easily obtainable and accessible SSL certificate, and that the increase in incoming SSL connections from this endpoint was unusual behavior for this device.
It is likely that this highly anomalous activity detected by Darktrace indicates when the ransomware attack began, likely initial payload download.
Darktrace DETECT models:
- Anomalous Connection / Powershell to Rare External
- Anomalous Server Activity / New Internet Facing System
C2 Beaconing
Following the successful initial access, Hive actors begin to establish their C2 infrastructure on infected networks through numerous connections to C2 servers, and the download of additional stagers.
On customer networks infected by Hive ransomware, Darktrace identified devices initiating a high volume of connections to multiple rare endpoints. This very likely represented C2 beaconing to the attacker’s infrastructure. In one particular example, further open-source intelligence (OSINT) investigation revealed that these endpoints were associated with Cobalt Strike.
Darktrace DETECT models:
- Anomalous Connection / Multiple Connections to New External TCP
- Anomalous Server Activity / Anomalous External Activity from Critical Network Device
- Compromise / High Volume of Connections with Beacon Score
- Compromise / Sustained SSL or HTTP Increase
- Compromise / Suspicious HTTP Beacons to Dotted Quad
- Compromise / SSL or HTTP Beacon
- Device / Lateral Movement and C2 Activity
Internal Reconnaissance, Lateral Movement and Privilege Escalation
After C2 infrastructure has been established, Hive actors typically begin to uninstall antivirus products in an attempt to remain undetected on the network [3]. They also perform internal reconnaissance to look for vulnerabilities and open channels and attempt to move laterally throughout the network.
Amid the C2 connections, Darktrace was able to detect network scanning activity associated with the attack when a device on one customer network was observed initiating an unusually high volume of connections to other internal devices. A critical network device was also seen writing an executable file “mimikatz.exe” via SMB which appears to be the Mimikatz attack tool commonly used for credential harvesting.
There were also several detections of lateral movement attempts via RDP and DCE-RPC where the attackers successfully authenticated using an “Administrator” credential. In one instance, a device was also observed performing ITaskScheduler activity. This service is used to remotely control tasks running on machines and is commonly observed as part of malicious lateral movement activity. Darktrace DETECT understood that the above activity represented a deviation from the devices’ normal pattern of behavior and the following models were breached:
Darktrace DETECT models:
- Anomalous Connection / Anomalous DRSGetNCChanges Operation
- Anomalous Connection / New or Uncommon Service Control
- Anomalous Connection / Unusual Admin RDP Session
- Anomalous Connection / Unusual SMB Version 1 Connectivity
- Compliance / SMB Drive Write
- Device / Anomalous ITaskScheduler Activity
- Device / Attack and Recon Tools
- Device / Attack and Recon Tools In SMB
- Device / EXE Files Distributed to Multiple Devices
- Device / Suspicious Network Scan Activity
- Device / Increase in New RPC Services
- User / New Admin Credentials on Server
Estrazione dei dati
At this stage of the attack, Hive actors have been known to carry out data exfiltration activity on infected networks using a variety of different methods. The Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) reported that “Hive actors exfiltrate data likely using a combination of Rclone and the cloud storage service Mega[.]nz” [4]. Darktrace DETECT identified an example of this when a device on one customer network was observed making HTTP connections to endpoints related to Mega, including “w.apa.mega.co[.]nz”, with the user agent “rclone/v1.57.0” with at least 3 GiB of data being transferred externally (Figure 3). The same device was also observed transferring at least 3.6 GiB of data via SSL to the rare external IP, 158.51.85[.]157.
In another case, a device was observed uploading over 16 GiB of data to a rare external endpoint 93.115.27[.]71 over SSH. The endpoint in question was seen in earlier beaconing activity suggesting that this was likely an exfiltration event.
However, Hive ransomware, like any other RaaS kit, can differ greatly in its techniques and features, and it is important to note that data exfiltration may not always be present in a Hive ransomware attack. In one incident detected by Darktrace, there were no signs of any data leaving the customer environment, indicating data exfiltration was not part of the Hive actor’s objectives.
Darktrace DETECT models:
- Anomalous Connection / Data Sent to Rare Domain
- Anomalous Connection / Lots of New Connections
- Anomalous Connection / Multiple HTTP POSTs to Rare Hostname
- Anomalous Connection / Suspicious Self-Signed SSL
- Anomalous Connection / Uncommon 1 GiB Outbound
- Device / New User Agent and New IP
- Unusual Activity / Unusual External Data to New Endpoints
- Unusual Activity / Unusual External Data Transfer
- Unusual Activity / Enhanced Unusual External Data Transfer
Ransomware Deployment
In the final stage of a typical Hive ransomware attack, the ransomware payload is deployed and begins to encrypt files on infected devices. On one customer network, Darktrace detected several devices connecting to domain controllers (DC) to read a file named “xxx.exe”. Several sources have linked this file name with the Hive ransomware payload [5].
In another example, Darktrace DETECT observed multiple devices downloading the executable files “nua64.exe” and “nua64.dll” from a rare external location, 194.156.90[.]25. OSINT investigation revealed that the files are associated with Hive ransomware.
Shortly after the download of this executable, multiple devices were observed performing an unusual amount of file encryption, appending randomly generated strings of characters to file extensions.
Although it has been reported that earlier versions of Hive ransomware encrypted files with a “.hive” extension [7], Darktrace observed across multiple customers that encrypted files had extensions that were partially-randomized, but consistently 20 characters long, matching the regular expression “[a-zA-Z0-9\-\_]{8}[\-\_]{1}[A-Za-z0-9\-\_]{11}”.
Following the successful encryption of files, Hive proceeds to drop a ransom note, named “HOW_TO_DECRYPT.txt”, into each affected directory. Typically, the ransom note will contain a link to Hive’s “sales department” and, in the event that exfiltration took place, a link to the “HiveLeaks” site, where attackers threaten to publish exfiltrated data if their demands are not met (Figure 6). In cases of Hive ransomware detected by Darktrace, multiple devices were observed attempting to contact “HiveLeaks” TOR domains, suggesting that endpoint users had followed links provided to them in ransom notes.
Examples of file extensions:
- 36C-AT9-_wm82GvBoCPC
- 36C-AT9--y6Z1G-RFHDT
- 36C-AT9-_x2x7FctFJ_q
- 36C-AT9-_zK16HRC3QiL
- 8KAIgoDP-wkQ5gnYGhrd
- kPemi_iF_11GRoa9vb29
- kPemi_iF_0RERIS1m7x8
- kPemi_iF_7u7e5zp6enp
- kPemi_iF_y4u7pB3d3f3
- U-9Xb0-k__T0U9NJPz-_
- U-9Xb0-k_6SkA8Njo5pa
- zm4RoSR1_5HMd_r4a5a9
Darktrace DETECT models:
- Anomalous Connection / SMB Enumeration
- Anomalous Connection / Sustained MIME Type Conversion
- Anomalous Connection / Unusual Admin SMB Session
- Anomalous File / Internal / Additional Extension Appended to SMB File
- Compliance / SMB Drive Write
- Compromise / Ransomware / Suspicious SMB Activity
- Compromise / Ransomware / Ransom or Offensive Words Written to SMB
- Compromise / Ransomware / Possible Ransom Note Write
- Compromise / High Priority Tor2Web
- Compromise / Tor2Web
- Device / EXE Files Distributed to Multiple Devices
Conclusion
As Hive ransomware attacks are carried out by different affiliates using varying deployment kits, the tactics employed tend to vary and new IoCs are regularly identified. Furthermore, in 2022 a new variant of Hive was written using the Rust programming language. This represented a major upgrade to Hive, improving its defense evasion techniques and making it even harder to detect [8].
Hive is just one of many RaaS offerings currently on the market, and this market is only expected to grow in usage and diversity of presentations. As ransomware becomes more accessible and easier to deploy it is essential for organizations to adopt efficient security measures to identify ransomware at the earliest possible stage.
Darktrace DETECT’s Self-Learning AI understands customer networks and learns the expected patterns of behavior across an organization’s digital estate. Using its anomaly-based detection Darktrace is able to identify emerging threats through the detection of unusual or unexpected behavior, without relying on rules and signatures, or known IoCs.
Credit to: Emily Megan Lim, Cyber Analyst, Hyeongyung Yeom, Senior Cyber Analyst & Analyst Team Lead.
Appendices
MITRE AT&CK Mapping
Reconnaissance
T1595.001 – Scanning IP Blocks
T1595.002 – Vulnerability Scanning
Resource Development
T1583.006 – Web Services
Initial Access
T1078 – Valid Accounts
T1190 – Exploit Public-Facing Application
T1200 – Hardware Additions
Execution
T1053.005 – Scheduled Task
T1059.001 – PowerShell
Persistence/Privilege Escalation
T1053.005 – Scheduled Task
T1078 – Valid Accounts
Defense Evasion
T1078 – Valid Accounts
T1207 – Rogue Domain Controller
T1550.002 – Pass the Hash
Discovery
T1018 – Remote System Discovery
T1046 – Network Service Discovery
T1083 – File and Directory Discovery
T1135 – Network Share Discovery
Movimento laterale
T1021.001 – Remote Desktop Protocol
T1021.002 – SMB/Windows Admin Shares
T1021.003 – Distributed Component Object Model
T1080 – Taint Shared Content
T1210 – Exploitation of Remote Services
T1550.002 – Pass the Hash
T1570 – Lateral Tool Transfer
Collection
T1185 – Man in the Browser
Command and Control
T1001 – Data Obfuscation
T1071 – Application Layer Protocol
T1071.001 – Web Protocols
T1090.003 – Multi-hop proxy
T1095 – Non-Application Layer Protocol
T1102.003 – One-Way Communication
T1571 – Non-Standard Port
Exfiltration
T1041 – Exfiltration Over C2 Channel
T1567.002 – Exfiltration to Cloud Storage
Impact
T1486 – Data Encrypted for Impact
T1489 – Service Stop
List of IoCs
23.81.246[.]84 - IP Address - Likely Malicious File Download Endpoint
146.70.87[.]132 - IP Address - Possible Ransomware Endpoint
5.199.162[.]220 - IP Address - C2 Endpoint
23.227.178[.]65 - IP Address - C2 Endpoint
46.166.161[.]68 - IP Address - C2 Endpoint
46.166.161[.]93 - IP Address - C2 Endpoint
93.115.25[.]139 - IP Address - C2 Endpoint
185.150.1117[.]189 - IP Address - C2 Endpoint
192.53.123[.]202 - IP Address - C2 Endpoint
209.133.223[.]164 - IP Address - Likely C2 Endpoint
cltrixworkspace1[.]com - Domain - C2 Endpoint
vpnupdaters[.]com - Domain - C2 Endpoint
93.115.27[.]71 - IP Address - Possible Exfiltration Endpoint
158.51.85[.]157 - IP Address - Possible Exfiltration Endpoint
w.api.mega.co[.]nz - Domain - Possible Exfiltration Endpoint
*.userstorage.mega.co[.]nz - Domain - Possible Exfiltration Endpoint
741cc67d2e75b6048e96db9d9e2e78bb9a327e87 - SHA1 Hash - Hive Ransomware File
2f9da37641b204ef2645661df9f075005e2295a5 - SHA1 Hash - Likely Hive Ransomware File
hiveleakdbtnp76ulyhi52eag6c6tyc3xw7ez7iqy6wc34gd2nekazyd[.]onion - TOR Domain - Likely Hive Endpoint
References
[1] https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/us-department-justice-disrupts-hive-ransomware-variant
[2] https://www.varonis.com/blog/hive-ransomware-analysis
[3] https://www.trendmicro.com/vinfo/us/security/news/ransomware-spotlight/ransomware-spotlight-hive
[4]https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa22-321a
[5] https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/22/c/nokoyawa-ransomware-possibly-related-to-hive-.html
[6] https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/60f6a63e366e6729e97949622abd9de6d7988bba66f85a4ac8a52f99d3cb4764/detection
[7] https://heimdalsecurity.com/blog/what-is-hive-ransomware/
[8] https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2022/07/05/hive-ransomware-gets-upgrades-in-rust/
